Abstract:Excellent bamboo germplasms are of great significance for the sustainable development of bamboo industry. Wild bamboo germplasms contain a variety of genetic resources with potential value for breeding, which are indispensable for cultivating new bamboo varieties. The wild bamboo germplasms in Henan Province is investigated in field. The results show that the wild bamboo germplasms in Henan are mainly distributed in the mountainous and hilly areas of Xinyang, Nanyang and Luanchuan, at an altitude of 20-2 000 m. There are 21 species of 4 genera in total, of which 14 species (including 4 sub-species) belong to the genus of Phyllostachys, Indocalamus, Fargesia, and Pseudosasa. This study has the important reference value for the effective protection, introduction and cultivation, breeding and rational development and utilization of the wild bamboo resources in Henan province.